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4(SOURCE: 1989 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK), http: ∥www. theodora. com/wfb1989/german democratic republic/german democratic republic economy. html.
5East Germany Losing Its Edge, By FERDINAND PROTZMAN, Special to The New York Times, The New York Times, May 15, 1989, Monday, Late City Final Edition.
6(SOURCE: 1989 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK), http:∥www. theodora. com/wfb1989/germany federal republic of/germany federa republic of economy. html.
7Population Trends, Employment Levels, Economic Performance, And Income Evolution in East and West Germany Since Unification, Klaus- Dietrich Bedau, Journal of Income Distribution,Volume 8, Number 2, 1998.
8Micheal Janofsky, 《East German Perquisites Draw Fire》,《New York Times》, 11 Dec. 1989, C 1, C4.