儿童哮喘长期管理与控制中健康教育的效果评价

Effectiveness evaluation of health education in long term management and control of children asthma

目的探索科学有效地管理对哮喘患儿哮喘控制的影响。方法按照全球哮喘防治的创议,通过举办哮喘知识教育讲座,课后哮喘知识问卷调查,建立个人档案,进行个体化管理,6岁以上患儿记录哮喘日记,使用峰流速仪监测病情变化,哮喘用药技巧培训与比赛,比较长期管理哮喘的模式实施前后患儿控制发作时静脉用药、雾化吸入及长期吸入疗法情况。结果健康教育后家长能够正确认识哮喘的本质,哮喘发作时选用静脉给药途径明显减少,选择雾化吸入治疗比例增高,哮喘用药技巧正确率明显增高,缓解期规则吸入激素治疗比例增高,复诊率增高。结论哮喘长期个体化管理对儿童哮喘的长期控制是有益的。

Objective To learn effectiveness of health education in long term management and control of children asthma. Methods Based on GINA guideline, long term management of asthma was provided to patients of children with asthma. All the patients＇ parents were given educational lectures about asthma and had the tests before and after the lectures. For those patients over 6 years, monitoring of asthma was documented daily by measurement of peak flow. The frequency and dosage of intravenous medications and inhaled medications during the asthma attack and long term treatment with inhaled medications were compared among the patients before and after the study. Results Through education programs, parents were able to understand the prognosis of asthma. More patients preferred to inhaled medication other than intravenous medications during the asthma attack after the study. The number of patients who were able to use asthmatic medication correctly was increased. The compliance of taking medication regularly and subsequent visit regularly were improved. Conclusion Long term management is benefit for the children asthma patients, so it can be widely used in the clinic.