农艺措施对消除麦秸生化互作不良影响的作用

Action of Cultural Measures to Eliminate the Negative Effect of Allelopathy of Wheat Straw

为了明确麦秸覆盖方式、降雨量以及氮肥施用量对于麦秸对后茬作物的化感作用的影响,以探讨耕作措施对消除麦秸对玉米的不良影响的作用,分别采用温室和田间试验进行了测定。结果表明:玉米不同品种对麦秸长度和覆盖量的互作的反应有显著差异,农大108表现出更强的抵抗化感作用的能力。降雨量与麦秸还田方式的互作对玉米生长有极显著的影响。常规麦秸覆盖水平下(4 500 kg/hm2)施用纯氮90 kg/hm2可以减弱化感作用对玉米出苗率、株高、叶面积和地上部干重的影响。

Trials were carried out in greenhouse and field in Beijing region. The responses among various maize cultivars were significant difference on interaction of length and amount of mulching wheat straw. Either mulching or soil-incorporated of wheat straw influenced early growth of maize at 5 mm or 10 mm precipitation. Nitrogen was effective on ameliorating the maize growth reduction resulting from mulching wheat straw.