甘蓝型油菜菌核病抗性的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica napus L.

利用牙签接种和花瓣接种法鉴定了甘蓝型油菜DH821(抗)×DHBao604(感)组合P1、P2、F1、BC1、BC2和F26个世代群体菌核病的抗性,通过主基因-多基因混合遗传模型分析表明,牙签接种3 d的抗性受2对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因控制,BC1、BC2、F2群体主基因遗传率为12.49%~28.48%,多基因遗传率为21.08%~27.87%;接种5 d的抗性由2对加性-显性-上位性主基因控制,显性及显性互作效应明显,无多基因修饰,BC1、BC2和F2群体主基因遗传率为25.19%~38.69%;接种3~5 d的菌丝扩展抗性由2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因控制,主基因效应明显,多基因效应不明显,BC1、BC2、F2群体主基因遗传率为0.72%~54.06%,多基因遗传率为7.34%~46.79%。花瓣接种15 d的抗性由2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因控制,2对主基因的加性效应和显性效应为-3.6051^-3.5225,互作效应为3.5190~3.6089,主基因遗传率为0.91%~41.79%,多基因遗传率为19.32%~73.69%。

Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum （Lid） de Bary in cross of DH821×DHBao604 （Brassica napus L. ） was assessed by mycelial toothpicks and petals inoculations, and the inheritance of resistance in this cross was analyzed by applying the major gene plus polygene model of quantitative traits to a joint analysis of multi-generations （P1, P2, F1, BC1, BC2 and F2 ）. The results showed that resistance measured 3 d after myeelial toothpicks inoculation was controlled by 2 pairs of major genes with additive effects plus polygene with additive-dominant effects. Hedtability values of the major genes of BC1, BC2, and F2 populations were from 12.49% to 28.48%, while these of polygene were from 21.08% to 27.87%. Resistance measured 5 d after inoculation was controlled by 2 pairs of major genes with additive-dominant-epistatic effects, among which dominant and associated epistatie effects were significant. Heritability values of the major genes of BC1, BC2, and F2 populations were from 25.19 % to 38.69 %. Resistance to expansion of mycelia during 3 - 5 d after inoculation was controlled by 2 pairs of major genes with significant additive-dominant-epistatie effects plus polygene with low additive- dominant effects. Hedtabilities of major genes and polygene in BC1 , BC2, and F2 populations were from 0.72% to 54.06% and from 7.34% to 46.79%, respectively. Resistance detected 15 d after infested petals inoculation was controlled by 2 pairs of major genes with ndditive-dominant-epistatic effects plus polygene with additive-dominant-epistatic effects. The additive and dominant effects of the major genes were from - 3.605 to - 3. 5225, and the interaction effects from 3.5190 to 3.6089. Heritability of major genes and polygene in BC1, BC2 and F2 populations were from 0.91% to 41.79% and from 19.32% to 73.69%, respectively.