中晚期直肠癌腔内热化疗的超微结构观察

Ultrastructure of tumor cells in the middle or advanced rectal carcinoma by intrarectal microwave thermotherapy and chemotherapy

对中晚期直肠癌进行腔内微波热化疗，观察治疗前后的癌组织超微结构。治疗前癌细胞有丰富的微绒毛，细胞间连接以桥粒为主，膜间腔中有微绒毛；线粒体丰富，胞核大而异形，核浆比例大，核内常染色质比例高。热化疗后见细胞膜破裂，微绒毛减少，线粒体明显肿胀、变性；溶酶体含量明显增多，内质网肿胀，脱粒，腔隙扩大；核及核仁固缩，核内出现空泡。提示癌细胞的膜系统是热化疗的主要靶器官之一。

Using the electron microscope to study the tumor cell's ultrastructure in the middle or advanced rectal carcinoma, all patients were treated by intrarectal microwave thermotherapy and chemo therapy. Then the effect was comparative between at pre-and post-treatment. At pre-treatment, there were many mitochondria in the tumor cells and a lot of microvilli in the tumor cell membrance. The cellnuclei were enlarg' and heteromorphic, and the intercellular space was mainly connected by desmosome.The ratio of euchromatin to heterochromatin was higher. At post-treatment, the microvilli on the tumor cell membrane were less. Both endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria degenerated, some mitochondria membrane and cell membrane were broken. The mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum all swelled. The value of lysosome increased and the cell nuclus presented vesicle and karyopyknosis. These data are suggested that the cell membrance is one of the main target organs for the thermochemotherapy.