唐山市交通废气污染与交通警察血脂水平关系的研究

Study on the Relationship between Traffic Exhaust Gas Pollution and the Level of Blood Lipids of Traffic Policemen in Tangshan City

目的探讨城市交通废气污染对交通警察血脂水平的影响。方法选择唐山市交通警察中169名外勤交警为暴露组,112名内勤交警为对照组。应用化学法测定血脂;用一氧化碳微型检测仪测定调查对象呼出气中一氧化碳(CO)浓度及血碳氧血红蛋白饱和度(HbCO%)。结果内、外勤交警血胆固醇均值分别为4.90 mmol/L和5.43 mmol/L,两组间差异有显著性(P<0.01);外勤交警血甘油三酯(2.57 mmol/L)高于内勤交警(2.42 mmol/L),但差异无显著性。两组中血HbCO%高的人群,其血脂均高于HbCO%低的人群。在HbCO%>1%的交警中,外勤交警的血胆固醇(5.48 mmol/L)明显高于内勤交警(4.96 mmol/L),差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论交通废气污染能引起外勤交通警察的血脂水平增高;交通环境中的CO是影响外勤交通警察血脂水平的一个重要因素。

Objective To investigate the reationship between traffic exhaust gas pollution and the level of blood lipids of traffic policemen. Methods 169 traffic policemen working outdoors were selected as the exposed group and 112 traffic policemen working indoors as the control group. The contents of blood lipids were measured by chemical methods. The concentrations of carbon monoxide in the exhaled air of the traffic policemen were measured by the micro smoke analyzer and the corresponding saturation of carboxyhemoglobin （HbCO%） were read. Results The level of blood cholesterol （TC） of the exposed group was markedly higher than that of the control （means were 5. 43 mmol/L and 4.90 mmol/L respectively）, the difference was highly significant. The level of blood triglyceride （TG） of the exposed group was higher than that of the control （means were 2.57 mmol/L and 2.42 mmol/L respectively） and the difference was not significant. In both groups, the contents of blood lipids of traiffic policemen whose HbCO% were highly increased with those of normal. In the subjects whose HbCO% was high, the level of blood cholesterol （TC） of the exposed group （5.48 mmol/L） was much higher than that of the control （4.96 mmol/L） and the difference was highly significant. Conclusions The traffic pollutant may increase the level of blood lipids of traffic policemen working outdoor. Carbon monoxide in traffic exhaust gas pollutants might be the important factor causing the changes in the level of blood lipids of traffic policemen exposed to low lever of CO over a long time.