儿童对隐喻性成语认知理解的研究

Children's Cognitive Understanding of Metaphors

本文选用20则成人教育儿童时常用的隐喻性成语对儿童的隐喻认知能力进行实验研究。研究发现儿童隐喻认知能力随着年龄的增加而有逐渐增长的趋势,但是低龄儿童对隐喻的理解局限于字面意义,到了四五年级(约10岁)之后才具备用别的语义域概念来理解隐喻的引申意义,较好地实现隐喻的教育意义;儿童在选择题测验比在问答题测验上显示较佳的隐喻理解能力。本文还从社会、家庭、文本三个因素考察了儿童理解隐喻认知不足的原因。

This paper studies children＇ s cognitive ability on understanding Chinese metaphoric idioms based on statistical analysis after an empirical experiment. It＇ s proposed that such ability develops along with children＇ s growing - up process. And those little kids of 6 to 8 years old are relatively weak in this metaphoric ability smee they can only understand most of the literal meanings, while those children of more than 10 perform a better understanding by unconscious mapping between different cognitive domains. In addition, this paper also studies the reasons of children＇ s failure of metaphoric understanding from the aspects of society, family and textbook.