异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯毒理学研究

Toxicology of isophorone diisocyanate

经ＧＰＭＴ法检测，２５％异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（ＩＰＤＩ）对豚鼠的致敏率为５０％，属中等致敏物。ＩＰＤＩ对小鼠脾脏抗体生成细胞有抑制作用，但可刺激豚鼠Ｔ淋巴细胞及淋巴细胞转化功能。Ａｍｅｓ试验阴性，１６６ｍｇ／ｋｇＩＰＤＩ可诱导大鼠骨髓染色体畸变、小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率增高、小鼠骨髓细胞ＳＣＥ增加及ＵＤＳ试验阳性。ＩＰＤＩ５３～４２４ｍｇ／Ｌ对小鼠骨髓细胞ＤＮＡ合成有明显抑制作用，表明ＩＰＤＩ对体细胞具有断裂剂活性和损伤ＤＮＡ作用。小鼠精子畸形试验和睾丸染色体畸变试验表明对生殖细胞无明显损伤作用。大鼠致畸试验说明ＩＰＤＩ为不致畸物。职业接触ＩＰＤＩ人群调查表明，接触者有明显的粘膜和呼吸道刺激症状，高浓度接触者肺功能（ＦＶＣ、ＦＥＶ１．０）较对照组有下降趋势，其他心、肝、肾功能、外周血淋巴细胞亚群检查、染色体畸变分析、内科、神经系统检查均与对照组无显著性差异。

Isophorone Diisocyanate(IPDI)is a high toxic and moderate irritative chemical.It caused allergic reaction in 50%Guinea pigs at the concentration of 25%IPDI by GPMT method.It suppressed the antigen producing cells of mice spleen,and stimulated cell immune reactions with increasing doses both in rats and in human beings. Ames test showed negative result,while CA, MN and SCE tests presented positive at the IPDI concentration of 166 mg/kg administrated by digestive tract and so did the UDS in vitro assay.A marked suppression of the DNA synthesis of bone marrow cells in mice was also observed in the IPDI exposed group.No obvious damage to the genital cells was found and no teratogenesis was discovered in this study. Epidemiological study on the workers exposed to IPDI was conducted.The workers complained severe irritations of their respiratory tract after exposure. The lung functions(FVC and FEV1.0)were slightly declined after both one shift and a long term work as comparing with the controls.