乙肝危险因素的多因素分析

Multi-variable Analysis of Risk Factors of Hepatitis B

目的研究与分析乙型肝炎传播危险因素,并调查乙型肝炎患者对乙肝传播途径的认识。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取病例159例,对照316例,进行回顾性调查。结果比较成组资料的单因素分析与Logistic回归分析结果,两者一致的危险因素共五个,分别是:输血次数、母亲乙肝、共用浴巾、避孕套使用情况和不安全注射,这五个因素应为本次调查所得乙肝传播的主要危险因素。结论患者对乙肝传播的认识尚有误区,主要表现为患者高估了日常生活接触传播的作用,而低估了性接触传播的危险。这种现状不仅不利于乙肝的防治,而且易于引起盲目的恐慌和对乙肝患者的歧视。我们应加强对乙肝患者及全人群进行乙肝科普知识的宣传,使受教育者懂得完全可以通过一些干预措施预防乙肝并掌握正确的防治方法,改变不正确的认识和行为。这对乙肝的综合预防具有重要的现实意义。

Objective To study the risk factors of HBV infection and the routes of transmission of HBV. Methods Sampling 159 patients of hepatitis B and 316 controls using stratified sampling methods were enrolled in this study. Results Data of both groups were analyzed by single factor and logistic regression analysis. The consistent 5 risk factors between both analyses were： times of transfusion（OR： 3. 859）, mother with hepatitis（OR = 31. 080）, shared towel （OR= 4. 702）, failure to use condoms（OR = 7. 231 ）and unsafe injection（OR = 5. 822）. These factors were the main risk factors of HBV found from this investigation. Conclusion The investigation found that there were some mistake concepts about HBVs transmis- sion route, they usually overemphasized the daily life contact and underestimated the importance of sexual transmission. It is disadvantage to patient HBVs. What is more, it will make people be scared of HBVs and discriminate the HBV patients, we should enhance publicizing the knowledge of HBV to people, make them know we can prevent HBVs by some intervention methods and make them know the right way to prevent it by change the wrong acknowlege and behavior. It is very important for us to prevent HBVs.