恩施土家族苗族自治州医院工作场所暴力流行病学调查

An Epidemiological Survey on Hospital Workplace Violence in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture

目的了解湖北省恩施土家族苗族自治州医院工作场所暴力的现状、发生原因及危险因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,调查了恩施州21所医院的医院工作人员。结果被调查的1369名医院工作人员在12个月内有1011人遭受工作场所暴力,总发生率为73.85%,其中心理暴力为61.87%,身体暴力为21.11%。30～39岁年龄组的医生和护士是医院暴力的高危人群;暴力的多发地点在病房,其次为医生办公室和护士站;高发时间为白班。主要的危险因素是肇事者不够理智、认为费用太贵、医院没有满足其要求;主要的肇事者是患者亲属,以男性居多。结论恩施土家族苗族自治州医院工作场所暴力问题十分严重,医院应加强内部管理,有关部门应立法保护医患双方权益,预防和控制医院暴力的发生。

Objective To find out the present situation and causes and risk factors of hospital workplace violence and to provide evidence for prevention and reduction of hospital workplace violence.Methods A stratified and cluster sampling study on the situation of workplace violence was conducted in 21 hoapital with 1 369 staff. Results Results showed that 1 011 among 1 369 staff members investigated had been subjected to workplace violence in the last 12 months preceding the survey, with a total rate of 73.85% which was accounted for 61.87% of psychological and 21.11% of physical violence respectively.Staff who were most prone to violence in hospitals were doctors and nurses.Those victims aged 30- 39 years were at greatest risk.The location most likely for violence in hospital were wards, doctor＇s office and nurse＇s station,Most of hospital work place violence happened during day shift.Those who were apt to commit such violence to staff were male relatives of patients.The main risk factors contributing to workplace violence would include： patients or their relatives were short of wisdom, unreasonable demand form them, and expensive cost.Conelusion The hospital workplace violence in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture was very serious, so the relative department should take measures to improve hospital management, make law protect both staff and patient＇s rights, prevent and control of violence.