当今美日欧农民合作社评述与借鉴

Appraisal of Current Situation and Characteristics of Farmers' Co-ops in US,Japan and Europe

首先对美日欧农民合作社发展的特点和趋势进行了比较分析,主要介绍了合作社原则的变化、规模问题和企业化趋势;其次对合作社发展中的典型问题,如合作社的发起、会员出资、低效率、寻租行为及合作社与政府的关系等进行了评述;最后提出了对中国合作社改革的借鉴和启示:(1)政府立法,为农民合作社发展保驾护航;(2)充分发挥各种社会力量在发起与引领合作社发展中的作用;(3)灵活运用国际合作社原则;(4)坚持独立自主,政社分开,国家支持办社的根本政策;(5)积极推进合作社之间的合作,促进区域乃至全国合作社联盟的建立。

This paper first compared and analyzed thet features and trend of farmers＇ Co-ops in US,Japan and Europe. The emphasis is put on the introduction of the change of their principles, scale problem and enterprise trend. Then it appraised typical problems in Co-op development,such as Co-op＇s initiation, member investment,Co-op＇s inefficiency,Co-op＇s seeking for rent and the relation between Co-op＇s and government. At last it raised some experieme for reference and guidance of China＇s Co-op reform, including： （1）Creating sound legal environment for the Co-op; （2）Giving play to the rule of Co-op initiation to every social force; （3）Nimbly making use of international Co-op principles; （4）Persisting in the policy of independent operation with government＇ s support ~ （5） Promoting cooperation among all the Co-op＇ s, so as to form alliance locally or nationwide.