等张运动与等长运动相结合的康复方案对高血压患者血压及血浆内皮素的影响

Effects of integrated isotonic exercise and isometric exercise on blood pressure and plasma endothelins in hypertension patients

目的:探讨高血压运动处方中采用等张运动与等长运动相结合的练习方法的可行性,并比较等张运动与等长运动对高血压患者的血压及血浆内皮素的影响。方法押于2003-08/2004-09随机选取邵阳学院运动康复中心高血压俱乐部老年原发性高血压患者,通过预实验筛选45例为观察对象并随机分成3组,等张训练组,等长训练组,等长+等张训练组,每组15例,各组主要基线资料具有可比性。等张训练组,等长训练组,等长+等张训练组分别制定个体化的运动处方,同时进行心电监护和全程血压监控,采用相同的靶心率和相同的运动时间,观察康复训练16周后观察对象的血压及血浆内皮素的变化。结果:单纯的等张训练和单纯的等长训练均能使观察对象的收缩压、舒张压和血浆内皮素显著降低;但对于观察对象的脉压差的影响在训练前后没有显著性的差异(P>0.05);而等张训练与等长训练相结合的综合训练方案使观察对象在训练后的收缩压、舒张压、脉压差及血浆内皮素都显著下降(P<0.01)。结论:等长运动与等张运动相结合的全面康复训练的方案可以产生良好的心血管反应,降低高血压患者的血浆内皮素水平,是高血压病运动处方的首选。

AIM： To explore the possibility and the necessity of applying the isotonic exercise and isometric exercise in the exercise prescription of hypertension, and compare the effects of isotonic exercise and isometric exercise on blood pressure and plasma endothelins in hypertension patients. METHODS： Old-age essential hypertension patients from hypertension club, sports rehabilitation center, Shaoyang College were selected randomly from August 2003 to September 2004. Forty-five objects were collected in pre-experiment, and assigned randomly into 3 groups： isotonic exercise group, isometric exercise group and isotonic＋isometric exercise group with 15 cases in each group. Main base data had comparability in every group. Individual physical exercise prescription in the isotonic exercise group, isometric exercise group and isotonic＋isometric exercise group was made, respectively. Meanwhile, electrocardio custodial and general blood pressure surveillance was conducted. With the same target heart rate and same movement time, changes of blood pressure and plasma endothelins of testees after rehabilitation training for 16 weeks were observed. RESULTS： The blood pressure included systolic pressure and diastolic pressure with the level of plasma endothelins in one-fold isotonic exercise and one-fold isometric exercise group significantly reduced, but the pulse pressure of those in the two groups was not change markedly （P〉0.05）. However, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, difference of pulse pressure and plasma endothelins decreased remarkably in people who integrated isotonic exercise and isometric exercise after training （P〈0.01）. CONCLUSION： The integrated training of isotonic exercise and isometric exercise, which is the first select for exercise prescription of hypertension, has fine cardiovascular effects, and decrease level of plasma endothelins in hypertension patients.