公共服务供给主体选择的悖论及其消解策略

The Absurd Situation of the Choice of Public Service Supplier and the Tactics of Elimination

古典经济学在深入论证公共服务市场供给无效性的基础上,将政府视为唯一的当然主体。然而,市场之手失灵并不意味着政府这只看得见的手必然有效。事实上,政府垄断型供给模式会引发诸如公共服务的超量供给、效率低下、质量低劣、有效供给不足等一系列制度性缺陷,由此形成了公共服务供给主体选择的悖论。为了寻求破解悖论的密码,需要摆脱在政府或市场两极间进行选择的惯性思维逻辑,借鉴新公共管理、治理理论等分析工具,构建我国公共服务的一主多元型供给新模式。这一模式势必需要我国政府实现从直接生产者的单一角色向动态兼任生产者、安排者和培育者的“多面人”角色转换。

The traditional economies justifies the failure of public service supplication by market and thinks the government is the single supplier. However, the failure of market doesn＇t show the govermment must be successful. In fact, the supply model of government-monopoly will induce the excessive supplication, the low efficiency, the bad quality and the absence of effective supplication. These lead to the absurd situation of the choice of public service supplier. In order to find the secret mode of changing the situation, we should break away from the habit model of thinking that choose between government and market, and use the analysis tool such as the new public management and the governance. By this means, we can build the new public service model named one primary and many secondary suppliers. This model means the government of China ought to transfer the direct production role to multiple roles such as producer, planner and educator.