南北朝交聘使节行进路线考

A Study of the Routes of Diplomatic Exchange during the Northern and Southern Dynasties Period

南北朝时期为南北对峙的局面,双方除了军事冲突,也有和平的外交往来。交聘使节通常是由本国国都出发,前往他国国都进行访问与交涉,由于事属公务,交通路线大致上是比较固定的。不过,由于北朝政权更迭,曾经数次迁都,因此,交聘的路线也随之改变。本文根据正史与诗歌中有关使节行迹的资料,逐一考证“平城—建康”、“洛阳—建康”、“邺—建康”与“长安—建康”这四条路线,希望能将当时使节穿梭往来的具体路径勾勒出来。

During the Northern and Southern Dynasties Period, political regimes were in great tension. Besides military conflicts, there were also diplomatic exchanges between these regimes to negotiate for peaceful settlement. Diplomats were usually dispatched from their own capital to travel to the capital city of the other regime to conduct their duties. Because of the official nature of these trips, the routes were therefore very much fixed. However, as the Northern regimes changed hands frequently, and their capitals transferred for a number of times, the routes that the diplomats traveled were also affected. Based on relevant materials pertaining to the activities of the diplomats found in standard histories and literary works, this paper examines four routes of diplomatic exchange between： Pingcheng and Jiankang, Luoyang and Jiankang, Ye and Jiankang, Chang＇an and Jiankang to reconstruct in details the ways in which these diplomats traveled.