中国“乌托邦神话”的地理特征

The Geographical Features of Chinese "Utopian Mythology"

中国“乌托邦神话”是人类对极端理想化生存状态的一种幻想,是“原始乐园神话”概念的延伸。中国“乌托邦神话”有其鲜明的地理特征:其一,高山与大海(海中之洲或岛)这种封闭性地理环境是乌托邦神话诞生的地理背景;其二,农业社会中对财富与气候的现实期盼最早根源于乌托邦神话;其三,通过天地之间相互交通的地理幻想,人类最终完成了对自身行为能力的极限超越。

Chinese “Utopian mythology”, the human race＇s fantasy about the ideal living state and also extending the mythology of original fairyland, has its own distinct geographical features. Firstly, mountain and sea （or island in the sea）, the closed geographical environment, is the geographical background to the creation of Utopian mythology. Secondly, the realistic expectation for wealth and climate in the agricultural society originates from Utopian mythology. Finally, the human race transcends the limit of his own ability via the geographical fantasy about the transportation between the earth and the heaven.