论技术的行政控制

On the Administrative Control of Technology

技术具有正负双重效应,为发挥技术的正面效应,扼制其负面效应,有必要对技术进行社会控制。技术行政控制是技术社会控制体系的重要组成部分。提出了技术行政控制的概念,探讨了技术行政控制的理论依据,即复杂性技术观及政府权能理论,阐述了技术行政控制在弥补市场和技术活动主体缺陷,促进技术发展和进步等方面发挥的重大作用。分析了技术行政控制的两种方式:指令型技术控制及诱导型技术控制。

Technology has its negative effects as well as its positive effects. Social control is therefore necessary to play the role of such positive effects and suppress the negative ones. A concept of administrative control of technology is thus proposed as the integral part of social control system with its theoretical foundation discussed, i.e., the view of complex technology and theory of power and functions of government. Elucidates the important functions of the administrative control, such as to remedy the defects of market and technical activities themselves and to expedite technological development. Analyses the two types of administrative control of technology： by instruction and by induction.