急性白血病细胞膜和细胞质抗原的流式细胞术检测

Flow Cytometry Detection of the Membrane Antigens and Cytoplasmic Antigens in Acute Leukemia

目的应用流式细胞仪检测急性白血病(AL)患者细胞膜及细胞质抗原,探讨其在白血病免疫分型中的作用。方法采用三色直接免疫荧光法检测290例AL患者16种膜抗原及3种细胞质抗原表达。结果134例急性髓细胞白血病(AML)中以CD13(89.6%)、CD33(77.6%)表达为主,髓过氧化物酶(MPO)表达也较高,占99.25%;125例B系列急性淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)主要表达CyCD79a(97.6%)、CD19(84%)、CD22(84%)、CD10(68.8%);31例T系列急性淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)以CyCD3(96.8%)、CD2(71%)、CD3(80.6%)、CD5(87.1%)、CD7(83.9%)为主。CD34在AML组表达47%,急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)组62.8%;ALL组髓系抗原表达以CD13、CD33多见;AML组淋系抗原表达以CD7多见。结论利用流式细胞仪进行细胞膜、细胞质抗原检测对AL的诊断分型有重要价值。

Objective To detect the cell membrane and cell plasma antigens by flow cytometry and evaluate the role of these antigens in acute leukemia（AL） immunophenotyping. Methods The bone marrow or blood in 290 cases of patients with AL were tested by three color direct immunofluorescence staining to determine the immunophenotype by flow cytometry. Results The positive expression rate of CD13 and CD33 found in acute myelogenous leukemia （ AML）-M1, AML-M2, AML-M3, AML-M5 was 89.6 % and 77.6 % and myeloperoxidase（MPO） expressions were 99.25% in 134 cases with AML. In 125 B-ALL patients, the positive rate in CyCD79, was 97.6 %, CD19 84 %, CD22 84 %, CD10 68.8 %. In 31 T-ALL patients , the positive rate in CyCD3 was 96.8 % ; CD2 71% ; CD3 80.6 % ; CD5 87.1% ; CD7 83.9 %. The positive expression rate of CD34 was 47 % and 62.8 % in 134 cases with AML and 156 cases with ALL. Conclusion Detection of membrane antigens and cytoplasmic antigens by flow cytometry will benefit the classification of acute leukemia.