颈椎小关节脱位继发椎动脉损伤的发生率及损伤机制的实验研究

Experimental Study on the Mechanism and Incidence of Vertebral Artery Injury after Closed Cervical Facet Dislocation

目的研究闭合性颈椎小关节脱位损伤条件下椎动脉损伤的发生率及其损伤机制。方法实验犬26只随机分为两组,A组12只以手术牵拉方式撑开C5～C6关节突关节,B组14只,以撞击伤方式造成C5～C6颈椎小关节脱位。通过MRA诊断椎动脉是否发生损伤,并进一步通过病理学检查明确椎动脉损伤。结果A组的动物均未发生椎动脉损伤,B组有8只犬发生了椎动脉损伤。结论颈椎小关节脱位易继发椎动脉损伤,其损伤机制在于受到瞬间暴力的牵拉造成内膜的撕裂而诱发血栓的形成。

Objective To investigate the mechanism and incidence of vertebral artery injury after closed cervical facet dislocation. Methods Twenty-six dogs were divided into two groups at random. Twelve dogs were in Group A and 14 dogs were in Group B. In Group A, the zygapophysial joints between C5 and C6 were detached by surgical operation. In Group B, the joints were dislocated by flexion stunk. Results No vertebral artery injuries occurred in Group A. Eight dogs underwent vertebral artery injuries in Group B. Conclusion The vertebral artery injuries are prone to occur in the situation of cervical dislocation. The mechanism of vertebral artery injuries after cervical facet dislocation is that the immediate reverse tension causes the disruption of intima and the mural thrombus were developed.