中国饮水型砷中毒重病区病情调查报告

Investigation report of prevalence in areas of severe endemic arsenism associated with drinking water in China

目的查明山西、吉林、宁夏和内蒙古地方性砷中毒(地砷病)重病区居民患病情况,为全国地砷病防治措施和策略的制定提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查的方法。结果山西、吉林、宁夏和内蒙古4省(区)砷中毒重病区居民地砷病检出率分别为8.75%、3.33%、8.14%和2.83%;病例主要分布在40岁以上各年龄段;男女检出率之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),男性(6.98%)高于女性(5.40%);在饮水砷0.01～、0.05～、0.10～、0.30～和≥0.50mg/L人群中,患者检出率分别为11.85%、69.61%、72.00%、63.48%和92.19%。结论饮水砷在0.05mg/L以上时可引起地砷病发生,在0.5mg/L以上时引起重度地砷病发生。

Objective To investigate the prevalence in areas of severe endemic arsenism in ShanXi ,JiLin, NingXia and Inner Mongolia provinces, thus to offer a scientific basis for formulating measures and tactics of control and prevention. Methods The investigation was performed using prevalent census. Results The detectable rate was 8.75% ,3.33% ,8.14% and 2.83% in ShanXi,JiLin,NingXia and Inner Mongolia, respectively. Patients were mainly over 40 years of age. Mean detectable rate in male（6.98%） was much higher than that in female（5.40%）（P〈 0.01）. Detectable rate of patients was 11.85%,69.61%,72.00%,63.48% and 92.19% in groups of drinking water of 0.01-、0.05-、0.10-、0.30- and 90.50 mg/L arsenic content , respectively. Conclusions The arsenism occurs when the arsenic content in drinking water is equal to or more than 0.05mg/L. The severe arsenism case appears when the arsenic content in drinking water reaches or exceeds 0.50 mg/L.