郑观应的日报观论略

An Analysis into Zheng Guanying's Views on Daily Papers

郑观应创办日报的思想集中反映在其《盛世危言》一书的“日报上”篇和“日报下”篇中。郑观应介绍了西方各国日报的情况,对近代中国报业发展中存在的问题进行了分析,阐述了日报的“通民隐,达民情”的基本功能,强调了创办代表自己利益的报纸的必要性。他着重阐明了创设报馆的作用,对日报记录的内容也作了非常全面详尽的说明,提出了日报的主笔和访事等新闻从业人员应具备的基本素质,以及他们应享受的权益。郑观应指出了创办日报对变法自强的现实意义,不仅强调了创办日报的重要性,而且认识到创办外文报的紧迫性。郑观应对日报功用的认识和系统的阐述对我们今天的报业工作仍有一定的参考价值。

Zheng Guanying＇s views on the establishment of daily papers are expressed in the two articles collected in Sheng Shi Wei Fan （ Warnings at the Time Peace and Prosperity） ： “Daily Paper Ⅰ” and “Daily Paper Ⅱ”. After an introduction to the Western daily papers, Zheng Guanying makes an analysis into the problems in the industry of Chinese daily papers, expounds its basic functions, emphasizes the necessity of establishing daily papers on their own behalf. His analysis is focused on the importance of establishing papers, what papers should cover, the quality the staff should possess and the rights they are entitled to. Zheng also points out the realistic value of setting up dailies and the urgency of setting up foreign papers. Zheng＇s views on daily papers are still insightful to contemporary paper management.