北疆方言特色虚词“把”书证

Written Research on Characteristic Function Word "把" in Northern Xinjiang Dialect

有关北疆方言虚词“把”的研究很少,偶尔提及也缺少书证。通过书面材料证明:北疆方言中“把”字句并不强调动词的处置性。北疆方言“把”字句谓语动词省略,表示责怪、训斥、不屑或无可奈何等语气。由于北疆方言“把”字句省略动词的“把你……”格式带有很强的动词意味,勉强在语法上支撑了省略动词后句子的完整性,同时,语气也参与了结构补足。北疆方言“把”字句的否定词“不、没”只出现在“把”字之后谓语动词前或补语前,且不允许例外。

There is little research and even less written evidence on function word “把”in northern Xinjiang dialect. It has been proved with written materials that the sentences which contain “把” in northern Xinjiang dialect do not emphasize on the passive function of the verb. Verbs in the sentences of this kind can be omitted to show the mood of blaming ,scolding, despising and having no way out. Because the “把你”structure which omits the verb has the function of the verb sentence and the sentence itself still can be seen as a complete sentence in grammar. Meanwhile, the mood helps complete the structure. The negative words “把”can be put after “把” and before the predicate verbs or complement without exception.