细胞分裂方式及其发生机制研究进展

Advances in the Research of Cell Division Mode and Its Mechanisms

细胞有丝分裂按细胞命运决定子是否均等分配到两个子细胞中分为对称分裂和不对称分裂。细胞分裂方式的调控对胚胎发生中细胞的增殖、分化起重要作用。众多分子参与此过程：Par复合体、Crb复合体、Scrib复合体主要作用是和Lgl、Dig分子相互作用使细胞命运决定子Numb等不对称定位,建立细胞极性；而Inscuteable、Pins、G蛋白复合体主要起调控纺锤体方向的作用。最终使有丝分裂中纺锤体方向及细胞命运决定子的不对称定位协调而发生特定方式的细胞分裂。

Cell mitoses fall into two categories： symmetric division and asymmetric division in terms of whether the cell-fate determinants are distributed to the two daughter cells equally or not. The regulations of cell division modes play a critical role in the cell proliferation and differentiation during embryogenesis. Many molecules participate in this procedure. The major function of Par complex, Crb complex and Scrib complex is to direct the asymmetric localization of cell-fate determinants such as Numb through their interaction with Lgl and Dlg, to establish cell polarity. However, Incuteable, Pins and G protein complex works, mainly on the control of spindle orientation. Through coordination of spindle orientation and asymmetric localization of cell-fate determinants in mitosis, they eventually lead to special mode of cell division.