柴油十六烷值改进剂的新工艺

New synthesizing technique for diesel cetane number improver

以异戊醇和50％HNO3为原料,50％H2SO4为催化剂,尿素为反应稳定剂,合成了柴油十六烷值改进剂——硝酸异戊酯。通过实验确定了反应的最佳条件:在沸腾条件下,H2SO4:HNO3(mol:mol)为2: 1,HNO3:异戊醇(mol:mol)为1．3:1,加入尿素为HNO3的3％左右,可得到收率和纯度都较高的硝酸异戊酯,反应平稳安全。产品经红外光谱、密度及折光率分析证明为硝酸异戊酯。

The product was made from nitric acid and isomnyl alcohol with sulfuric acid as catalyst,and urea as stabilizator in the reaction. According to the experimental results, optimum condition was that the molar ratio of H2SO4 and HNO3, HNO3 and isoamyl alcobo is 2： I and 1.3：1 respectively, and urea is 3 % of HNO3 at the boiling condition . Then, the reaction is smooth, steady and safe, both the yield and purity of isoamyl natrate are very high. The product is confirmed isoamyl narrate by IR spectra, density and refractive index.