油田污油处理技术研究与应用

Research and application of treatment technology of oilfield sump oil

井场回收的落地油、各种大罐清出的油泥、污水处理站处理的浮油等组成了数量可观的油田污油,由于其长期暴氧放置,油质老化,还具有含水、含砂较高,乳化状态稳定的特点,而污油中所含的胶质、沥青质、环烷酸等天然乳化剂富集于油水界面,又形成牢固的界面膜,因此运用常规的破乳剂和三相脱水器很难进行处理。室内实验研究认为,采用热化学处理方法,且在最佳的处理条件下,运用所研制的污油处理剂JH002A、JH002B和沉降剂JH001B对油田污油具有较好的处理效果。矿场试验证明,该处理技术和所研制的处理剂,能够成功而又高效地处理这些油田污油,具有较强的实用性和推广应用价值。

Oilfield sump oils are mainly composed of oil recovered in well site, tank heels and floating oil from plant of water disposal. They get degraded during long time exposure to oxygen, and are characterized by high content of water and sand and stable emulsification conditions. In addition, the natural emulsifiers in the sump oil, such as gum, asphaltene and naphthenic acid, get enriched on oil- water contact, resulting in a strong interface membrane, therefore it is very difficult to treat them with conventional demuldifier and three - phase dehydrator. Laboratory study shows that the sump oil treating chemical JH002A and JH002B and sinking agent JH001B that we developed can effectively treat oilfield sump oil under optimum treatment conditions and with thermal chemical methods. Field experiment also proves that the treatment technology and treating agents can successfully and effectively treat oilfield sump oil and have strong practicability and large values of deployment.