357名满月婴儿头发微量元素结果分析

Investigation of the levels of 8 inorganic elements in hair of 357 one month old infants

目的:了解深圳市宝安区满月婴儿头发微量元素水平,为妇幼保健工作提供参考。方法:选取在我院健康检查的357名满月婴儿的头发标本,采用WFX-130型原子吸收分光光度计测定锌、铅等八种元素的含量。结果:女婴发锌、硒元素含量显著高于男性,但发铜、钙、铅元素含量显著性低于男婴。357名满月婴儿中发铜、铁、镁、锰、硒值无1例低于正常参考值下限,发锌和钙值总缺乏率分别为6.64%和28.29%;男、女锌缺乏率分别为7.43%和5.16%,二者之间无显著性差异(P>0.05);男、女钙的缺乏率分别为14.85%和45.81%,二者之间的差异有显著性(P<0.001)。发锌、铜、铁、铅高于正常参考值上限的分别占31.93%、6.44%、55.18%和3.36%,但是仅在发锌、铜高于参考值上限的比例方面有显著性的性别差异(P<0.001或P<0.05)。结论:虽然母婴保健工作已很重视,但是满月婴儿特别是女性钙缺乏率仍较高。由于满月婴儿微量元素主要依赖于母乳或添加的乳制品,因此其保健工作应首先从哺乳期妇女的健康教育抓起,哺乳期妇女应合理调整膳食,改变不良的生活和饮食习惯,合理补充有益的微量元素。

Objective： To investigate the levels of 8 inorganic elements in hairs of 357 one month old infants in Baoan district and provide hygienically basis for infants and women. Methods： The contents of 8 inorganic elements in hairs of 357 one month infants were detected with atomic absorption technique. Results： The levels of zinc and selenium in girls were significantly higher than those in boys （ P 〈 0. 005 ）, but the copper, calcium and lead concentrations in girls were lower than those in boys （ P 〈 0. 005 ）. We founded no marked deficiency of most inorganic elements in hairs of 357 one month infants except zinc and calcium. The total lacking rates of zinc and calcium were 6. 64% and 28. 29%, respectively. But only a significant sex difference in the deficiency of calcium was founded. There was 31. 93% of zinc, 6. 44% of copper, 55. 18% of iron and 3. 36% of lead beyond the corresponding upper - limit reference value, but no difference was founded between sex except zinc and copper. Conclusion： Although effective hygienically means has been taken by the disease prevention and the baby - care department, the total lacking rate of calcium, especially in girls is still retaining a high level. Because the infants depend on the latex or dairy products for the trace elements supplements, mothers should get rid of bad dietetic and living habits and have a scientific meal.