3～6岁儿童对11种基本颜色命名和分类研究

A Study on the Development of Color Naming and Color Classifying of 3-6-year-old Children

对3～6岁儿童11种基本颜色的命名和分类进行了研究.结果表明:(1)汉语儿童对11种基本颜色的正确命名率随年龄增长而提高,顺序是白、黑、红、黄、绿、蓝、粉红、紫、橙、灰和棕.(2)汉语儿童对基本颜色分类能力随年龄增长而提高.3～4岁儿童对基本颜色没有明确的分类标准.5岁儿童有了一定标准,并出现按'彩色/非彩色'和'冷色/暖色'分类的倾向.6岁儿童颜色分类标准更明确,开始由主观标准向客观标准转变.

This study investigated the development of color naming and color classifying of 3-6-year-old children. The results indicated that the percentages of correct color naming of the 11 basic colors increased with age. The development regulation of correct color naming of the 11 colors is that white, black and red came first, then yellow, green,blue and pink,and finally purple,orange, gray and brown, 3-4 -year-old children have no obvious classifying standards of color. 5-year-old children have some classifying standards of color,and began to show the tendency of classifying based on colorness/colorlessnee and cold color/warm color. The classifying standards of color of 6 year-old children were more obvious,and began to change their standards from subjective standards to objective standards.