论英汉语言主要差异的根源

On the Causes of the Disparities between Chinese and English

英汉语言差异甚多,其根源主要在于中西传统哲学、思维模式、自然地理环境不同。文章就上述三个方面逐一探讨比较,并指出:汉语是分析语言,遣词造句深受中国传统哲学整体观、中国传统思维(以人为中心,多形象思维)及半封闭大陆型自然地理环境的影响;英语是综合语言,受西方传统哲学分析观、西方传统思维(以物为本且多抽象思维)及其海洋型自然地理环境的影响,语言表现形式与前者截然不同。

There exist many disparities between Chinese and English, which were influenced deeply by their own traditional philosophy, thought pattern and natural geographical conditions. This essay will probe into the causes from the three aspects with numerous analyses and point out that, Chinese is an analytic language, whose main characteristics are shaped from the philosophical concept of viewing the universe as a whole, thought pattern revolving around the subject, figurative thinking and the semi -closed continental geographical conditions; while English is a synthetic language, whose differences from Chinese can be traced back to its analytic concept in traditional philosophy, abstract thinking, thought pattern moving around the object, and open maritime geographical conditiohs.