职业枯竭的测量方法

The Measurement of Job Burnout

职业枯竭领域研究使用的测量方法主要有两类:问卷测量法和客观测量法。问卷测量法又包括自陈问卷测量法和他评问卷测量法。常用的四种自陈问卷以及它们的使用情况和优缺点进行了重点评述。他评问卷法和客观测量法也简要地提及。从目前来看,自陈问卷测量法是枯竭领域的主导测量方法,并还将在很长的一段时间内保持这一地位。

This review focuses on the methodologies used to measure job burnout. The written questionnaire, especially the self-report questionnaire, is the most common used method. Four popular self-report questionnaires, in particular the Maslach Burnout Inventory, are introduced. Moreover, some researches using other-report questionnaire or objective measures to access burnout are also reviewed in brief. Self-report measures will remain the most common tool in the burnout field because they can offer both practical and conceptual advantages to researchers.