全球油气勘探新进展

Recent development of global oil and gas exploration

随着地质认识的深化和新技术的应用,成熟盆地的勘探再现生机,加拿大的一些成熟盆地勘探又有了新发现。全球对非常规油气资源给予了更多的关注,许多学者对稠油、油砂和油页岩资源的勘探开发进行了研究;美国南部的煤层气勘探取得了实质性进展,西加拿大盆地的煤层气资源也逐步被利用;天然气水合物的开采方法目前正处于研究阶段。在油气地质基础理论方面,前陆盆地的构造分析更加强调对沉降特征及演化历史的研究,并且断层相关褶皱理论已应用于储层预测;对盐构造的研究集中于演化特征对构造变形的控制作用;碳酸盐岩台地形成的控制因素更加明确;深水沉积模式日趋完善。勘探技术的研发和应用也由单一技术向多项技术集成以及高精度、数字化、模型化方向发展。

The recent development of global oil and gas exploration is analyzed. With much deeper understanding to geology and the application of new exploration technologies, there are some new discoveries in the exploration of matured basin in Canada. A great concern to the exploration of unconventional oil and gas resources is given, and many scholars are studying the exploration of heavy oil, oil sands and oil shale. In southern U. S. A, some essential discoveries about the exploration of coal bed methane （CBM） have been obtained. The CBM resources in west Canada basin have increased. At present, the methods for devCoping hydrates are on study. As for the basic hydrocarbon geological theory, the foreland basin analysis mainly focuses on the subsidence characters and the evolution history. The fault related fold theory has been used in the reservoir prediction. The study on salt tectonic is concentrated on the structural transformation controlled by the evolution characters. The controlling factors for carbonate mesa are determined, and the deep-water sedimentary model is progressing. The multi-technology integration is the development trend of exploration technologies.