论权利与义务的关系

Of the Right-duty Relationship

权利与义务的关系可以归结为两种相关性。一种是一个人的权利与他人的义务的关系:一个人的权利,必然是他人的义务;反之亦然。这是一个人的权利与他人的义务的必然的、客观的、事实如何的关系,亦即所谓“权利与义务的逻辑相关性”。另一种则是基于这种逻辑相关性的“权利义务道德相关性”,亦即一个人的权利应该是对他自己的义务的交换:一个人所享有的权利应该等于他所负有的义务;而他所行使的权利则应该至多等于他所履行的义务。

The right - duty relationship may be reduced to two kinds of relevance. On the one hand, it refers to the relationship between a person＇s rights and another one＇s duties. In this sense, one person＇s rights are another person＇s duties; vice versa. This reflects the logical relevance between rights and duties. On the other hand, it implies the moral relevance between rights and duties, which means an exchange of one person＇s rights with another one＇s duties.