准噶尔盆地低信噪比地震资料处理方法

Processing methods for seismic data with low signal-to-noise ratio in Junggar basin.

新疆准噶尔盆地表层地震地质条件复杂,干扰严重,原始地震资料品质差,信噪比低,因此,消除各种干扰, 提高资料的信噪比是处理中的重要内容。为此,开展了有针对性的提高信噪比处理方法研究。首先进行数据分析,以确定合适的处理方法和处理参数,制定恰当的处理流程;针对资料中严重的静校正问题,采用了基准面静校正和交互初至波迭代静校正相结合的方法;针对资料中干扰类型多且严重这一特点,采用了多步、多域联合去噪的方法;针对资料的分辨率问题,采用了反褶积和子波处理技术;针对地下地质构造成像质量问题,采用了精细速度分析和高精度成像技术。实际资料处理结果表明,上述方法对消除干扰,提高资料的信噪比实用有效,剖面质量有了较大的提高,波组关系清楚,断点、尖灭点清晰,构造假象被消除。

Because of the complex surface and seismogeologic conditions, the raw seismic data acquired in Junggar basin had a low quality, with strong shallow refraction, multiple refractions, low frequency noise and various random noises on the records. Based on the processing of amount of actual seismic data in the area, we carried out researches on techniques such as static correction, pre-stack attenuation, surface consistency processing method, velocity analysis for the targets, optimally iterated stacking and pre-stack migration and sum up a set of processing techniques suitable to low S/N ratio seismic data in this area. These processing methods were used to process both the newly acquired and the old seismic data in Junggar basin. Seismic sections with high signal-to-noise ratio were achieved