城市热岛效应监测方法研究进展

Advances in Methodology of Urban Heat Island

城市热岛效应是一种由于城市建筑及人们活动导致的热量在城区空间范围内聚集的现象,是城市气候最明显的特征之一。由于城市热岛影响因素以及相互关系的复杂性,为了精确细致地描述其时空分布,人们采用了多种方法来研究城市热岛现象,主要归纳为:气象站法、定点观测法、运动样带法、遥感测定法以及模拟预测等。最后,认为各种测定方法都存在一定的缺陷,建议多种测定方法综合运用。

One of the most well known forms of anthropogenic climate modification is the phenomenon of urban heating. The ambient temperatures of numerous urban centers have been determined to be several degrees higher than the ambient air temperature of surrounding rural areas. This phenomena is referred to as the Urban Heat Island Effect （UHI）, and is studied in many of the largest cities around the world. The relationships are very complicated between the intensity of the urban heat island and various effects. In order to describe its spatial and temporal characters with pinpoint accuracy, temperature measurements are acquired using various monitoring systems such as meteorological station data; conventional ground measurement at fixed location; mobile traverses survey , remote sensing as well as simulation. Because every measurement method has its limitation, integrated detective methods are suggested to be used.