犬脑积水动物模型建立的初步研究

Primary study on an established hydrocephalus model in canine

目的:通过对犬脑断层解剖、颅脑磁共振三维扫描以及脑积水模型建立的研究,探讨犬脑积水动物模型建立的方法。方法:选择正常杂种雄性犬8只,体重15kg左右,行颅脑磁共振三维扫描。其中3只行颅脑断层解剖切片;5只测量各个脑室多个径线,手术暴露出環枕硬脑膜,将导管的尖端轻柔推进到第四脑室内的头侧半,缓慢注入氰基丙烯酸酯凝胶0.3ml,使之充满第四脑室。实验数据经t检验。结果:通过对正常犬及犬脑积水模型脑室系统的断层解剖及颅脑磁共振三维扫描,获得了犬脑室系统的一系列数据,为建立犬脑积水动物模型及脑积水程度的判定提供了数据资料。诱导后5条犬,其中1条为重度脑室扩大(Evan's比率改变的百分数为168%),2条中度扩大(57%、75%),2条为轻度扩大(15%、25%)。结论:①犬脑积水模型相对于其它大型哺乳动物模型,价格低,易饲养,模型建立成功率高,是比较适合用于脑积水诊断及治疗方面研究的动物模型之一;②研究中发现犬三脑室内的中间块较大,即使较重的脑积水,现有的神经内窥镜达到三脑室底较困难,因此不是进行神经内窥镜第三脑室造瘘术研究的理想动物模型。

Objective： To explore the method of the establishing hydrocephalus animal model by sectional anatomic of canine brain, three dimension magnetic resonance （MRI）of canine brain and the establishment of an hydrocephalus model. Methods： Eight male adult mongrel dogs （approximately 15 kg） were selected for the study. Of them, 3 were performed cranium sections of sectional anatomic, 5 cranium three dimension MRI. Each ventricle was measured through multitude meridian, and the collected data were processed by statistics method to get the reliable ventricle multitude meridian data for the establishment of Canine model. Establishment of animal model： 5 were surgically exposed the atlantooccipita dura matter of brain with the catheter tip gently laid in the half cephlic of thc fourth ventricle, then were slowly injected 0.3 ml cyanoacrylic gel glue till to fill the fourth ventricle and extend into the mesencephalic aqueduct. Results： Through sectional anatomic and three dimension MRI of brain ventricle system, a series of data of canine brain ventricle system were obtained for the establishment of animal model and the determination of hydrocephalus degree. After surgery, one dog＇s brain ventricle was greatly enlarged （Evan＇s ratio alteration was 168%）, two were moderately enlarged （57%,75%）, two were lightly enlarged （15%,25%）. Conclusion： （1）Ca- nine model of hydrocephalus is preferable because of low cost, easy breeding and high successful rate, and is appropriate for the study of hydrocephalus＇ diagnoses and therapy; （2） the canine Massa intermedia is fairly big as opposing to other mammals. It is very difficult for neuroendoscope to reach the bottom of third ventricle, therefore, canine is not an appropriate animal model for fistulization in third ventricle bottom with neuroendoscope.