深圳市打工族高血压患病及影响因素

The Prevalence Rate and Influence Factors of Hypertension in the Self-employee in Shenzhen

目的 了解深圳市打工族高血压患病情况及影响发病的因素。方法 采用整群抽样的方法，对入选11514名打工人群进行相关因素的问卷调查，数据由SPSS 10.0软件包处理。结果 深圳打工族高血压总患病率为6.5％，均为中青年，其中男性为9.3％，女性为4.9％，男性高于女性(P＜0.01)。高血压病与性别、年龄增长、家族史、肥胖、日劳动时间、噪声污染、嗜烟、酒、咸食、甜食等有关。结论 年龄、超重、学历、高血压家族史、日劳动时间、噪声、甜食是高血压的主要危险因素，高血压的一级预防应从青年阶段尽早开始。

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate and influence factors of hypertension in the self-employee in Shenzhen. Methods Using the cluster sampling methods, 11 514 cases randomly selected from the workers were surveyed. The data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0 Statistical package. Results The total prevalence rate of hypertension in the self-employee（age 16-47 years） in Shenzhen was 6.5%, the prevalence rate in male was 9.3%, which was significantly higher than that for female （4.9%）（P〈0.01）. Hypertension was closely related to gender, age, family hypertension history, obesity, daily work duration, noise pollution, smoking, drinking, more salt and sweet foods et al. Conclusions Age, overweight, educational level, family hypertension history, noise pollution, sweet foods, daily work time are the major risk factors. Prevention of hypertension should start as early as possible.