广州市城乡65岁及其以上人群痴呆患病率调查

The prevalence of dementia in the urban and rural aged in Guangzhou

目的调查广州市城乡≥65岁人群痴呆的患病率。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法对广州市城乡人群进行抽样,用筛查和确诊两阶段法进行调查,实查14个居委会、2个村委会中≥65岁人群共3780人。按美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版的标准诊断痴呆,阿尔茨海默病(AD)诊断采用美国神经病学、语言障碍和卒中研究所及阿尔茨海默病与相关障碍协会的标准。结果(1)查出痴呆患者182例,粗患病率为4.81%;其中AD128例(3.39%),血管性痴呆(VD)44例(1.16%);经2000年广州市人口年龄构成进行标化,痴呆、AD和VD患病率分别为4.54%、3.17%和1.11%。(2)女性痴呆患者134例,粗患病率(5.98%)高于男性(48例,3.12%;P<0.001),经年龄标化患病率分别为6.03%和2.74%。(3)痴呆患病率随年龄增长急剧上升。结论广州地区年龄≥65岁老人的痴呆患病率为4.81%,AD患病率高于VD。老年期痴呆患病率随年龄的增长而急剧升高。

Objective To study the prevalence of dementia, especially Alzheimer disease （AD） in residents aged 65 years or over in the urban and rural areas in Guangzhou. Methods A total of 3 920 elderly were randomly stratified sampled out from three levels of 12 districts in Guangzhou, in which 3 780 were interviewed, with the dropout rate of 3.57%. The participant aged was interviewed face to face with the Mini-Mental State Examination for screening, and ones with cognitive impairments were then assessed with a battery of neuropsychological examination to make a diagnosis of dementia. The Diagnosis and Statistical Manual of mental Disorder Fourth Edition and the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke Alzheimer disease and Related Disorders Association criteria for dementia and AD was used to make diagnosis. Results A total of 182 cases （4. 81% of 3 780 subjects） with mild to severe dementia were identified, in which 128 （3.39%） were patients with AD and 44 （ 1.16% ） with vascular dementia （VD）. The prevalence of dementia in women （5.98%） was significantly higher than that in men （3.12%） （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. The prevalence of dementia increased consistently with aging. Conclusion The prevalence of dementia is 4. 81% in the elderly aged 65 years or over in Guangzhou, with higher rate of AD than VD. The orevalence of dementia increases with aging.