浅析国家及其财产管辖豁免中关于国有企业和商业行为判断的问题

Analysis on the Issues about Government-owned Entities and the Judgement of A Commercial Transaction in Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property

国家及其财产豁免是国际法中的一项重要原则,随着绝对国家豁免理论逐渐受到挑战,绝对豁免原则逐渐走向相对豁免原则。国有企业能否成为国家及其财产管辖豁免的主体,属于国家豁免原则例外的商业行为应如何界定,一直是国际法学界长期关注的热点问题。本文结合最近通过的《联合国国家及其财产管辖豁免公约》之内容以及美国最新案例法的发展趋势,对此问题进行了理论与实践的探讨,并在分析我国国情的基础上提出了应对策略。

Jurisdictional immunities of states and their property is an important principle in international law. The doctrine of absolute immunity has turned to relative immunity as the theory of absolute immunity was gradually challenged. Whether the government- owned entities can be the subject of jurisdictional immunities of states and their property or not and how to determine a contract or a transaction is a commercial transaction are always hot issues in the fields of international law. Combining the contents of the United Nations Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property and the new relevant cases reported in America, the author discussed this issue both in theoretical and practical view and proposed corresponding strategies based on the analysis of chinese situation.