摘要
以日本山地源头森林小流域为研究对象,利用泥沙自动取样器和自计水位计,研究了悬移质泥沙的输出过程及其与洪水过程间的关系.研究结果表明,该森林流域的泥沙来源主要是林道、沟道、沟道两边裸露地;河川径流中悬移质泥沙浓度与总泥沙浓度间有很好的相关性;降雨时悬移质泥沙浓度随流量过程的变化呈现出顺时针变化的套索;悬移质泥沙的输出过程属于波浪式变化;悬移质泥沙浓度最大值与洪峰流量几乎同时出现,属同步型;悬移质输沙量主要取决于10 min最大雨量;场降雨量对悬移质输沙量的贡献较大;单场大暴雨造成的悬移质输沙量占全年输沙量的5%左右;悬移质年输沙量的30%是由为数不多的几场降雨造成的.
With upland small forest watershed in Japan as the objective, the relationship between discharge and flood processes of suspended sediment were researched using automatic samplers （ISCO） and water-stage recorder. Results show that the major sources of sediment are forest paths, stream channels and the bare land beside stream channels. The concentration of suspended sediment is well interrelated with that of total sediment. The change of concentration of suspended sediment with the discharge processes follows a clockwise variable lasso. The discharge process of suspended sediment shows a wave-pattern. The maximum concentration of suspended sediment and peak discharge appear almost at the same time, which belong to the synchronic pattern. The discharge amount of suspended sediment is mainly decided by the maximum precipitation in 10 min, each rainfall also greatly contributes to suspended sediment discharge. Suspended sediment discharge from one storm accounts for about 5 % of the total annual sediment discharge. A few storms contribute 30% of yearly suspended sediment discharge.
出处
《北京林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第6期14-19,共6页
Journal of Beijing Forestry University
基金
日本学术振兴会(JSPS)资助项目
关键词
悬移质
输沙量
洪水过程
森林流域
suspended sediment
sediment discharge
flood process
forest watershed
