湿地抗自然力侵蚀效益评估——以莫莫格国家级自然保护区为例

Estimation on Anti-erosion Benefit of Wetland in Momoge Natural Reserve

利用环境经济学评价方法,结合侵蚀模型、野外实测数据以及GIS手段,对莫莫格保护区湿地的抗自然力侵蚀效益进行了评估。莫莫格保护区湿地潜在土壤侵蚀量为1.15×108kg·a-1,潜在土壤侵蚀模数为801kg·hm-2·a-1;潜在土壤侵蚀模数西部大于中东部。湿地抗侵蚀效益为398万元,单位面积效益为28元·hm-2·a-1。湿地减少土地废弃和减少河道淤积的效益分别为4.65和2.94万元·a-1;减少营养物质流失效益为390.41万元,大于前两项效益。湿地抗侵蚀效益评估研究,进一步丰富了湿地效益评价的理论基础,是建设绿色GDP的需要。

With the combination of environmental economics assessment methods, erosion model, field measurement data and GIS means, anti - erosion benefits of the wetland in Momoge Natural Reserve were evaluated. Result showed that the gross of latent soil erosion is 1.15 × 10^8 kg · a^-1 , and erosion of unit area is 801 kg · hm^-2 · a^-1. Latent soil erosion modulus is larger in the western parts than in the middle and eastern parts. Anti - erosion benefit of the wetland is 3 980 000 yuan · a^-1, and the benefit of unit area is 28 yuan · hm^-2 · a^-1. Benefits from reducing land desolation and riverway siltation are 46 500 yuan and 29 400 yuan · a^-1 respectively, and the benefit from reducing nutrient drain is 3 904 100 yuan, which is much higher than the others. Evaluation of anti - erosion benefit of wetland further enriches the theory of wetland benefit assessment, and it is the need of building Green GDP.