行政裁决诉讼的不确定性及其解决

The Uncertainty of Administrative Adjudication and Its Solution

行政裁决系指行政主体依照法律法规授权,以中间人的身份,按照一定的程序,对与行政管理相关的,发生在平等主体之间的民事纠纷进行裁决的行为。行政裁决行为归属具体行政行为的普遍性与区别具体行政行为的特殊性,带来了从行政裁决的对象上考察案件性质和从行政裁决行为性质本身考察案件性质的不确定性,进而造成了行政裁决司法救济途径的多样性。行政裁决的三种司法救济途径各有利弊,并且都面临理论与实践、法律规定与审判效果的冲突。这些冲突造成了行政裁决理论研究的困惑和司法实践的不统一;因此,应该创设一种新的诉讼形式来解决行政裁决司法救济中的问题。

Administrative adjudication means that an administrative agency, serving as intermediary and under the authority of laws and in accordance with prescribed procedures, adjudicates civil disputes concerning administrative matters that arise between disputants with equal social status. The administrative adjudication is characterized by both the generality of administrative activities and the diversities of these activities. While deciding a case, a consideration of the nature of the case from the angle of the disputants and a consideration of the nature of the case from the nature of the matter itself will certainly differ from each other, and thus a variety of judicial remedies are necessary in administrative adjudication. Nowadays, the three existing judicial remedies have their demerits and the relevant logic and practice and legal provisions of adjudgement effects conflict with each other, which result in perplexity in academic circles and differences in judicial practice. Therefore, this author determines that a new sort of proceedings should be established to solve the problems in administrative adjudication.