佳芦河流域水土保持措施减水减沙效益分析

Analysis on Runoff and Sediment Reduction Benefit by Erosion Control Measures in Jialu River Watershed

佳芦河流域地处黄土丘陵沟壑区，系黄河的一级支流。该流域５０年代初即开展了水土保持工作，大规模的流域综合治理始于１９７０年北方农业会议之后。截至１９８９年底止，流域内实有各项治理措施保存面积３２０２３ｈｍ２，治理程度达２８．２４％。采用水文法与水保法计算流域１９７０～１９８９年水土保持措施减水３２８００万ｍ２，效益２０．９％；减沙６９４０万ｔ，效益２３．７％。

Jialu River watershed, a first-class tributory of the Yellow River, is located at gullied and rolling loess region. Soil and water conservation work in the watershed began in early 1950's, after the Northern Agriculture Conference in 1970, a large scale comprehensive management was conducted. By the end of 1989, the aetual survival area by all kinds of erosion control measures in the watershed had reached 32023 ha. the harnessment degree was 28. 24%. According to calculation by hydrographic method and soil and water conservation method, 328 million m3 of runoff and 69. 4 million t of sediment in the watershed from 1970 to 1989 were reduced , the runoff and sediment redtiction efficiency were 20. 9% and 23. 7% seperately.