大革命初期的商民协会与商民运动

Association and the Movement of Commercial Civilians in the Early Period of the Great Revolution

在1920年代的国民革命中,广大中小商人参加商民协会,开展商民运动,与工人农民一道为北伐的胜利和国民革命的迅速发展作出了重要贡献。中国的商民运动以广州为嚆矢,1926年前主要发生在广东。初创时期的商民运动巩固了广东革命政权,使广东成为国民革命的大本营与北伐的根据地。国民党“二大”通过的《商民运动决议案》,是商民运动的纲领和指导方略,确定了商民在国民革命过程中的地位和作用。此后,广东商民协会和商民运动蓬勃发展,推动了国民革命运动向全国蔓延。

During the National Revolution in the 1920s, a lot of businessmen joined the Association and the Movement. Together with workers and peasants, they contributed significantly to the rapid development of the Northern Expedition and the National Revolution. The movement began from Guangzhou, and took place primarily in Guangdong before 1926. In its early times, the movement had made the political power of Guangdong stronger, making Guangdong the headquarter of the National Revolution as well as the base of the Northern Expedition. Resolution cases about the movement of commercial civilians passed by Kuomintang was the outline and directive way of the movement, which ensured the position and function of the commercial civilians in the process of revolution. From then on ,the movement was pushed to the whole country from Guangdong.