茶树杂交F＿1代同工酶分析

Analysis on the Isoenzymes of Tea Plants’F_1 Hybrids

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶不连续电泳技术，对英红一号和乐昌白毛茶、英红九号和黄叶水仙两组正反杂交组合的１０３株Ｆ＿１代及其亲本进行了过氧化物酶（ＰＯＸ）和酯酶（ＥＳＴ）同工酶分析。结果表明：在杂种Ｆ＿１代同工酶酶谱中出现了“互补带”和“杂交带”。对利用同工酶进行Ｆ＿１代早期鉴定、杂种优势预测及杂交组合亲本的选择进行了讨论。利用同工酶预测Ｆ＿１代中有１５株具有杂种优势，其中有３株尤为突出。证明在茶树杂交育种亲本组合的选择中，双亲之间同工酶的差异越大，产生“互补带”和“杂交带”的概率就越大，也越易获得杂种优势。

The discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophorsis was used to analyse the peroxidase and the esteraseisoenzymes of the parents and the F_1 hybrids of 2 reciprocal cross combinations between Yinghong 1×Lechang Baimaocha and between Yinghong 9× Huangye Shuixian.Early evaluation of the F_1 hybrids usingthe isoenzyme technique,prediction of the heterosis and the selection and combination of the parents were alsodiscussed,The hybrid band'and thecomplementary band'were found in the F_1 hybrids,of the 103 F_1 hy-brids,15 were regarded as the heterosis based on the isoenzyme evaluation. The more different were theparents'isoenzymes,the higher were the frequencies of the‘hvbrid band’and the‘complementary band’inthe F1 hybrids,and the cross combination would produced the heterosis more easily.