《尤利西斯》中立体化内聚焦叙述方式的建构

The Cubic Construction of the Internal Focalized Narration in Ulysses

乔伊斯在《尤利西斯》的内聚焦叙述中,运用三个反英雄人物作为聚焦人物。三个聚焦人物由于各身份和个性特的不同,其各自关注的视野和感知的形式和结果各不相同,其所感知到的客观世界和主观世界拼合在一起,构成内容和形式上的异质性,但三个人物的内聚焦叙述在小说主题上却相互一致,都是从不同侧面折射反映现代社会精神世界的扭曲异化和孤独迷茫,从整体上构成了一幅西方社会多维的精神瘫痪的立体画卷,深刻揭示小说的反英雄主题。

James Joyce employs three antiheroes as the focal-characters in the internal focalization of Ulysses. The horizon and forms of their perception vary drastically due to the different identities and personalities of the three characters. Consequently the objective world and internal world perceived by the three focal characters are juxtaposed with heterogeneity in form and contents. However, the internal focalized narration of the three characters unifies the theme of the novel. They reflect the distorted and alienated spiritual wasteland of the modern European society. And it constitutes a multi-dimensional, cubic panorama of modern spiritual paralysis, and therefore profoundly reveals the antihero theme.