洛川旱塬油菜氮磷和有机肥肥效施用模式及用量的研究

Fertilizer Use Efriciency Model of N,P and Organic Manure in Rapeseed Fields in Dryland on Rainfed Luochuan Highland

１９８６～１９８７年度在洛川旱塬进行了田间油菜施肥技术试验，建立了旱塬油菜的氮磷和有机肥施肥模式。研究结果表明：洛川旱塬油菜生长和产量形成要求以Ｎ肥为主，肥效反应次序是Ｎ肥＞有机肥＞磷肥。提出低肥力和较高肥力条件下油菜产量１００～１５０ｋｇ／亩的Ｎ，Ｐ和有机肥施用量及配合比例，并分析了各因素的影响及交互作用。较低肥力地最佳施肥水平：Ｎ肥为１２．５０～１３．０６ｋｇＮ／亩，田肥５．８８～８．５５ｋｇＰ＿２Ｏ＿５／亩，有机肥为０．５８～０．６８万ｋｇ／亩；较高肥力地最佳施肥水平：Ｎ肥３．３６～４．２１ｋｇＮ／亩，Ｐ肥为５．４８～６．８５ｋｇＰ＿２Ｏ＿５／亩，有机肥为０．２６～０．３３万ｋｇ／亩。

The field experiment of fertilizer application technique to rapeseed wasconducted in Rainfed Luochuaii Highland in the years of 1986～1987.The model of N,Pand organic manure application to rapeseeds was establisbed.The tesearch results indi-cated that the rape plant growth and its yields on Rainfed Louchuan Highland requiredN fertilizer in the main,The order of fertilizer response effects could be N>organic ma-nure>P fertilizer.The amount of N,P and organic manure and its matching ratio for therapeseed yield of l00～150kg/mu were worked out in the case of low and high fertili-ties,and the intereffect and interreaction among each element vvere also analysed in thispaper.The optimum fertilization under low fertility was 12.5～13. 06kg N/mu,5. 88～8.55kg P2O5/mu,and organic manure 5 800～6800kg/mu.The optimum fertilization un-der the high fertility was 3. 36～4. 2lkg/mu,.48～6.85kg P2O5/mu and organic ma-nure 2 600～3300kg/mu.