广东省6188名3至14岁儿童血脂水平及影响因素分析

A cross sectional survey on serum lipid level and its influencing factors in children aged 3-14 years in Guangdong province

目的了解广东省3～14岁儿童血清胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的水平及相关影响因素。方法运用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,抽取广东省大城市、中小城市、2类农村各3个区(县),1类农村4个县,每个县(区)抽取3个街道(乡)、6个居委会;共对3～14岁6188名儿童检测了血脂。用面对面询问调查获得儿童个人及家庭基本情况,体检获取体重、身高数据;血脂采用酶法进行检测,使用Saturno300生化分析仪和日立7060自动生化分析仪进行测定。结果经过标准人口年龄构成及地区人口权重处理后,广东省3～14岁儿童甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)均值分别为0.80mmol/L,3.50mmol/L,1.28mmol/L。TG均值大城市与1类农村,中小城市与2类农村之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。TC均值中小城市最高(4.00mmol/L),其次是大城市(3.72mmol/L),1类农村与2类农村之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。四类地区HDL-C均值两两之间均有统计学意义。儿童高TG、高TC和低HDL-C的百分率分别为2.2%,2.1%和8.0%。城市、1类农村、男性、低体重及7.0～9.9岁为高TG的保护因素;对于高TC,家庭人口数3～4人,年龄7.0～9.9岁,大城市、中小城市和1类农村都是危险因素;男性,家庭经济收入800～9999元,中小城市,1类农村是低HDL-C的保护因素。结论广东省儿童血脂仍然处于较低的水平,居住地区、家庭人口数、年龄和性别是血脂的主要影响因素,但对TG、TC和HDL-C水平的影响是不同的。

Objective To investigate the serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in children aged 3 - 14 years and its influencing factors. Methods The crosssectional survey study population was a representative sample from Guangdong province obtained by multistage randomized cluster sampling. Serum lipids in 6188 children aged ≥ 3 years were assayed using automatic biochemical instrument. The data of social and demographic status were collected by face-to-face interview, and height and weight were obtained by physical examination. Results The age-standardized and region-weighted means of serum total cholesterol （ TC ）, triglyceride （ TG ）, and high density [ipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C） were 0. 80mmol/L, 3.50 mmol/L and 1.28mmol/L, respectively. For the mean of TG, there was no difference between metropolitan and middle city, nor between rich county and poor county. For TC, it was the highest in metropolitan, and there was no difference between rich and poor county. For HDL-C, the difference existed between every two regions. The age-standardized and region-weighted prevalence of high TG, high TC and low HDL-C were 2. 2% ,2.1% and 8. 0% ,respectively. Metropolitan, rich county , low weight and age between 7.0-9. 9 years are protecting factors for high TG, and the number of family between 3-4, age between 7.0-9. 9, metropolitan, middle city and poor county are risk factors for high TC. Male, family income per year between 800 -9999 RMB, middle city, rich county are protecting factors for low HDL-C. Conclusion The prevalence of abnormal serum lipid was still low compared with other regions in China. The region, number of family member, age and sex may be the important factors influencing on serum lipid levels.