国外深水固井水泥浆技术综述

The review of deep sea cementing slurry technology abroad

深水固井面临着诸多的挑战,如低温、潜在的浅层水窜和气窜、地层孔隙压力和破裂压力之间“窗口”狭窄,地层易压漏、水泥浆温度的演变、顶替差等,提出满足深水低温固井的水泥浆的基本性能要求是:①水泥浆密度低;②低温下较短的过渡时间和优良的抗压强度;③低失水;④好的水泥浆完整性;⑤水泥浆与套管和地层的密封和胶结等长期性能好;⑥顶替效率高。介绍了国外常见的几种深水固井水泥浆技术,包括快凝石膏水泥浆体系、PSD水泥浆技术、高铝水泥、充气水泥浆技术和其他水泥浆技术。最后就深水固井应重点注意的几个问题提出了建议。

Many challenges were faced in cementing of deep sea, such as low temperature, potential shallow layer water and gas breakthrough, the narrow safe mud density window between the formation pore pressure and the fracturing pressure, frequent lost circulation, the evolution of slurry temperature and the differential displacement. The essential performances of slurry for low temperature cementing were proposed as follows: low slurry density, little transition time at low temperature, excellent compression resistance, few filtration, well integrity of slurry, satisfactory long-term sealing and cementing of slurry with casing and formation and high displacing efficiency. The several conventional cementing technologies for deep sea abroad were reviewed which included rapid setting gypsum slurry, PSD slurry, high alumina slurry, aerated slurry and so on. Some crucial problems on deep sea cementing were emphasized and proposed.