城市扬尘污染和抑尘剂研究现状及展望

Fugitive dust pollution of city and situation and prospect of study on dust-depressor

论述了我国城市扬尘污染日趋严重的形势,分析出细颗粒是影响城市空气质量的主要原因,指出引起城市扬尘污染的主要来源和扬尘对现代城市造成的各种危害。从扬尘的起动和抑制与其粒径、密度和外力有关的理论机理得出:扬尘抑制主要是固结、润湿、凝并三种作用。综述了近年国内外抑尘剂研究由单一型向复合型发展的趋势,列举主要研究成果。通过对抑尘机理的分析,提出采用超强吸水剂作为抑尘剂基料,再添加其它适宜的物质将是新型抑尘剂研究的重要方向。

The acute situation of fugitive dust pollution of the cities in China and fine particles are main causes of air pollution. Authors indicate the primary roots and hazard of urban fugitive dust in modem cities. From mechanism how fugitive dust enters into air and depression are relative to its diameter and density and outer force, consolidation and wetting and aggregation are primary methods of depression mechanism. Authors summarize development tendency will transform into complication and list main achievements of dust-depressor in recent years. By analyzing depression mechanism, authors propose using super water-absorber as base material and adding other substances will be a significant study orientation of new dust-depressor in the future.