从《镜花缘》看李汝珍的医药养生观

Li Ruzhen's idea of health maintenance as reflected from Jing hua yuan (Affinity Between Mirror and Flower)

《镜花缘》是古代记载中医药内容最多的小说之一。书中的医药内容丰富而真实,反映出作者李汝珍对中医药及养生问题有独到认识和见解。具体表现在他注重记述杂证实证和祛邪,少言虚证和滋补;对验方秘方情有独钟,重治“症”而轻辨“证”;倾向于使用廉价简便的方药,极力反对以价格论方药优劣。不过他也指责“走方医”缺乏医学素养,甚至轻视其人格。保健养生方面,李汝珍特别强调劳作活动的作用,认为忧思最折寿,主张以保健药代茶。

Jing hua yuan （ Affinity Between Mirror and Flower） is one of ancient novels with the most contents of Traditional Chinese Medicine. There were plentiful and real medical information in this book, reflecting that Li Ruzhen not only mastered medicine but also had special recognition on health maintenance. He paid high attention to the common doctors and their skills with few words on deficient disease and nourishing methods. Moreover, he also hold positive attitude to the empirical doctors. These can be concluded from his emphasis on the miscellaneous disorders and eliminating pathogenic factors, paid high attention to treatment of “disorder” contrasting to despising the diagnosis of “syndrome”. Li Ruzhen was inclined to using cheap and simple medicine as well as liking the proved recipes and the secret recipes. At the same time, he focused his attention on opposing the phenomenon that some people determined the qualities of herbs by its prices. However, he also reproached the empirical doctors was lack of medical qualities, and even looked down upon their personalities. Li Ruzhen especially emphasized the importance of labour work, and considered that anxiousness made people＇ s lives short, and taking health medicines were beneficial to health instead of drinking tea which is risky to health maintenance. ）