“身体”:中国政治思想建构的认知基础

"Body":the Cognitive Basis of Chinese Political Thought Construction

从“政治认知”的视角入手,讨论中国传统政治思想之内在框架的基础要素。首先对“身体政治”作了较明确的界定,在此基础上阐述中国传统思想中“身体认知”的三个主要方面,最后讨论这种思维方式的认知效果和政治后果。“身体政治”的认知路径,一方面具有简化和直观的基本特征,以“身体”为基础,通过“感性移情”(empathy)方式去推论和说明那些抽象、宏观和复杂的问题,实际上缩短了思考的时间,降低了理解的难度;另一方面又具有强烈的“经验论”倾向,形成明显的“具体性思维方式”的特质。此种“中国思维”的思想脉络,与建基于契约论基础之上的现代政治理论相比,具有本质的差别。

The article discusses essential factors of inner framework of Chinese classical political thought from the perspective of “political cognition”. Firstly, the author defines expressly the conception of “Body Politics”. Then he expounds three primary aspects of political cognition in Chinese classical political thought. Lastly, the author discusses cognitive effect and political results of the thinking mode. The main viewpoint of the article is that the cognitive track of Body Politics, on the one hand, has reducible and intuitional essential characteristic, which deduces and expresses those abstract and macroscopic and complex issues by “empathy” on the basis of“body”, in fact, it decreases the time of reflect and reduces the difficulty of apprehension; on the other hand,it has intense empirical tendency, and constitutes apparent character of “concrete mode of thinking”. The thought skeleton of “Chinese Thinking” is essential different from modern political theory on the basis of theory of contract theory.