精神科护士工作压力源及相关因素的分析

Analysis of occupational stress on psychiatric nurses and correlative factors

目的探讨精神科护士工作压力水平及其相关因素.方法采用工作压力源量表对北京安定医院普通病房的97名精神科护士进行调查.结果担心工作中出现差错事故、经常倒班、工资及其他的福利待遇低、继续深造的机会太少、护士工作未被病人及家属承认、护理工作的社会地位太低、晋升的机会太少、病人不合作、护理的病人突然死亡等压力为精神科护士的主要工作压力源.其中不同岗位、不同性别、不同护龄、不同学历的精神科护士工作压力源差异存在统计学意义(P＜0.05或0.01).结论护理专业及工作方面的问题、病人护理方面的问题为精神科护士的主要工作压力源,其中从事临床岗位的护士、男护士、大专以上学历护士、5～10年护龄的护士工作压力程度较重,护理管理者要根据不同性别、不同岗位、不同学历、不同护龄采取有针对性的减压措施.

Objective Job stressors scale were To find out occupational stress of psychiatric nurses and investigate their correlative factors. Methods used to measure 97 psychiatric nurses of Beijing Anding Hospital. Results Major stress resources of psychiatric nurses included worrying about nursing disputes and mistakes, shift work, a little chance to get retraining, nurse job could not be understood by patients and their family members, lower social position, impoliteness of patients, unexpected death of patients etc. There were significant differences in occupational stress of different duty, different sexes , different seniority and different educational background（P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Conclusions Major occupational stresses of psychiatric nurses are nursing specialty and patient care,among which shift work, men nurses, high educational background, aiming at psychiatric nurses of 5- 10 years had more occupational stress. Effective stress management strategies should be implemented aiming at those correlative factors.